Corrections and clarifications regarding the Government’s fiscal surpluses and Singapore’s Reserves

1. On 4 Oct 2022, Mr Yeoh Lam Keong (“Yeoh”) published two Facebook posts referring to the reply made by the Minister for National Development to Mr Leong Mun Wai’s Parliamentary Question. Both posts state that the reply was “a rather disingenuous and misleading analysis of the supposed $270 mln loss made by HDB” and alleged that “the accounting sleight of hand being the omission that the Government acquired most of the land at minimal or much lower cost by compulsory acquisition”. Both posts continued, “the advertised loss is thus only the opportunity cost of the state reselling the land at market price which it has psssed (sic) on to HDB, hence the “loss”. The true cost price should be the original book value of the land plus construction costs which on average is much lower than BTO prices before subsidy.” The Online Citizen (TOC) subsequently carried an article on the same day echoing the points raised in Yeoh’s Facebook posts.

2. Yeoh’s Facebook posts falsely convey the following:

   1. HDB will not incur a loss of about $270 million from the Central Weave @ AMK Build-To-Order (BTO) Project; and

   2. The Government is free to sell State land at nominal or much lower cost than its fair market value.

3. On 5 Oct 2022, TOC published a second article headlined “Singapore’s reserves substantially profits from $500m land sales in AMK BTO”. The article claimed that Minister (ND)’s reply alluded to “profits being made from the land sale by the government” and that “such profits would go to the reserves”. The headline falsely conveys that the Government’s sale of land to HDB for the Central Weave @ AMK BTO project will lead to an increase in Singapore’s reserves.

Facts

4. The losses incurred by HDB, as stated by Minister (ND) in Parliament, are accurate and real.

   1. For the Central Weave @ AMK project, HDB will incur an estimated development loss of about $250 million, or about $270 million after taking into account housing grants.

   2. HDB’s deficits are covered using funding from the annual Budget, which is raised from taxes and other revenue streams.

   3. Real money is involved, and this is certainly not an “accounting sleight of hand”.

5. State Land is part of the Past Reserves. It is not part of the assets that the Government can use as it wishes. When HDB requires land to develop flats, the land has to be taken out of the Past Reserves. HDB has to purchase the land by paying fair market value for the land, and the money goes into the Past Reserves. The estimated land cost for Central Weave @ AMK is about $500 million.

6. The Government cannot sell State land at nominal or much lower cost than its fair market value without the President’s approval, as doing so would constitute a draw on Past Reserves.

   1. Past Reserves are protected by the Constitution for the benefit of current and future generations. The President’s concurrence is needed before the Government can draw on Past Reserves.

   2. Past Reserves are invested, and the Government can use part of the investment income to meet Singapore’s needs. This income is currently our biggest single source of revenue, exceeding the revenue from personal income taxes, corporate income taxes, or GST. Past Reserves are also an emergency fund for use during crises, for example in managing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.

   3. If the Government arbitrarily prices the land below its fair market value, such as at the historical price that past Governments had paid to acquire the land, or at just a nominal $1, then it is not putting back fully what it has taken out from Past Reserves. This is equivalent to drawing down the Reserves and short-changing future generations, depriving them of their nest-egg.

   4. To consume Past Reserves at the expense of Singapore’s future generations and security is populist and irresponsible. Our Constitution is designed to try to stop any Government from this kind of behaviour.

7. There is an established process to determine the fair market value of land.

   1. The Chief Valuer, a public officer whose appointment requires the President’s concurrence, determines independently the fair market value using well-accepted and established valuation principles.

   2. These are the same valuation principles adopted by professional valuers in the private sector.

   3. The current fair market value of land is not the same as the historical cost incurred to acquire the land, as the market value of land is influenced by factors such as the current planned land use.

8. Neither the Government nor the Past Reserves profit from land sales. When State land is disposed of at fair market value, there is no addition to the Past Reserves but a conversion of one type of asset (land) to another (cash). For the Central Weave @ AMK BTO project, HDB will pay the Government fair market value for the land, estimated to be about $500 million. This money will be paid into the Past Reserves, but does not result in a net increase in the Past Reserves.

9. The Minister for National Development has instructed the Protection from Online Falsehoods and Manipulation Act (POFMA) Office to issue Correction Directions to Yeoh Lam Keong and The Online Citizen. The Correction Directions require recipients to insert, amongst others, a notice against the original post, with a link to the Government’s clarification.

Delivering good, affordable homes for Singaporeans

10. HDB does not price new flats to recover the cost of land and construction. Instead, it prices flats significantly below market value using generous subsidies to ensure that they are affordable to Singaporeans.

    1. We can see this from resale transactions, where many flat-owners sell their flats on the open market at prices higher than those of comparable BTO flats.

    2. HDB also provides housing grants to help specific groups of buyers with their first flat purchase.

    3. With generous subsidies and housing grants, most first-timer households use less than a quarter of their monthly income to service their HDB loans. 

11. HDB will continue to use its allocated resources judiciously to provide good, affordable homes for Singaporeans.